Resources

This explainer reviews public attitudes toward voting machines, ballot-marking devices, paper records, and related election technologies and describes how confidence depends not only on actual system security but also on whether voters understand the safeguards protecting registration, voting, and counting.

This report describes Colorado's online risk limiting audits tool, risk-limit concepts, and county-facing implementation details after statewide adoption.

This research focuses on whether voters’ confidence is shaped by the racial or ethnic representation of poll workers and election staff.

This paper sets out principles for reliable post-election tabulation audits, including voter-verifiable paper records, transparency, ballot protection, and statistical rigor.

This post-election survey reports on how Americans cast ballots in 2018 and how confident they were that votes were counted accurately.

In this paper, authors provide a concise policy-oriented introduction to evidence-based elections and risk limiting audits, including legislative principles and implementation considerations.

This paper examines whether correcting information can overcome misperceptions about election fraud. It finds that providing counter information is generally ineffective at remedying misperceptions and can, depending on the source, increase endorsements of misperceptions among Republicans.

This report summarizes the Orange County Registrar of Voters pilot audit of all countywide election contests.

This paper finds that media coverage of voter fraud is associated with public beliefs about voter fraud. In states where fraud was more frequently featured in local media outlets, public concerns about voter fraud were heightened. In particular, the paper finds that press attention to voter fraud has a larger influence on Republicans than Democrats and Independents.

This paper, recommends voter-verifiable paper ballots and routine audits of paper ballots to verify tabulation and detect compromised systems.

This paper finds that the "winner" effect mitigates the effects from strong pre-election cues from elites. It also shows the effect of pre-election attention to the rigging issue.

In this paper, authors explain what risk limiting audits do and do not verify, emphasizing paper-ballot examination and the distinction between outcome verification and other election processes.