Resources

This paper provides an empirical analysis of 2020 election audits showing very small changes in presidential vote counts across audited jurisdictions and contest types.

This paper introduces Bayesian/low-variance risk limiting audit approaches using marginal mark recording to reduce variability and sample requirements.

Academic paper examining the use of audits following elections to improve voter confidence.

In this paper, authors use Orange County, California data to demonstrate efficient audit strategies for many contests and shows how contest selection by discrepancy can reduce workload.

In this paper, authors present ALPHA, a flexible risk limiting audit method that can handle sampling without replacement and stratification while learning from audited ballots.

This paper shows how reporting data at the ballot-card level can reduce risk limiting audits sample sizes and improve audit efficiency.

In this paper, authors argue that risk limiting audits can verify tabulation of paper records but cannot by themselves ensure ballot marking device printouts reflect voter intent if voters do not verify them.

In this paper, authors provide a concise policy-oriented introduction to evidence-based elections and risk limiting audits, including legislative principles and implementation considerations.

This paper, recommends voter-verifiable paper ballots and routine audits of paper ballots to verify tabulation and detect compromised systems.

This paper sets out principles for reliable post-election tabulation audits, including voter-verifiable paper records, transparency, ballot protection, and statistical rigor.

In this paper, authors explain what risk limiting audits do and do not verify, emphasizing paper-ballot examination and the distinction between outcome verification and other election processes.

This paper explores voting-rule design choices that can reduce audit burden and improve auditability, with implications for post-election verification.